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Value education is the process by which people give values to others.〔Powney, J., Cullen, M-A., Schlapp, U., Johnstone, M. & Munn, P. (1995). ''Understanding values education in the primary school.'' York: Reports Express. p.vii〕 It can be an activity that can take place in ''any'' organisation during which people are assisted by others, who may be older, in a position of authority or are more experienced, to make explicit those values underlying their own behaviour, to assess the effectiveness of these values and associated behaviour for their own and others' long term well-being and to reflect on and acquire other values and behaviour which they recognise as being more effective for long term well-being of self and others.There is a difference between literacy and education. Values education can take place at home, as well as in schools, colleges, universities, jails and voluntary youth organisations. There are two main approaches to values education, some see it as inculcating or transmitting a set of values which often come from societal or religious rules or cultural ethics while others see it as a type of Socratic dialogue〔Minnis, F (1991) Socrates for six-year-olds. Booklet accompanying the BBC programme of the same title. BBC, London.〕 where people are gradually brought to their own realisation of what is good behaviours for themselves and their community. ==Definitions== There has been very little reliable research on the results of values education classes, but there are some encouraging preliminary results.〔Saterlie, M E (Chair) (1988) 1984 and beyond: a reaffirmation of values. A report of the task force on values, education and ethical behavior of the Baltimore County Public Schools. Board of Education of Baltimore County, Towson, Maryland.〕 One definition refers to it as the process that gives young people an initiation into values, giving knowledge of the rules needed to function in this mode of relating to other people, and to seek the development in the student a grasp of certain underlying principles, together with the ability to apply these rules intelligently, and to have the settled disposition to do so〔David Aspin (2000) However, the meaning of "initiation into values", "mode of relating to other people", "apply intelligently" and a "settled disposition" needs to be clarified. It is also useful to point out that values education can be conducted with people of any age. A clarification of some key terms in values discussions, in M. Leicester, C. Modgil & S. Modgil (Eds.), ''Moral education and pluralism: Education, culture and values'' (Vol. 4, p.171-180). London: Farmer Press.()〕 Some researchers use the concept values education as an umbrella of concepts that includes moral education and citizenship education〔Cheng, R. H. M., Lee, J. C. K. & Lo, L. N. K. (2006). Values education for citizens in the new century: meaning, desirability and practice. In R. H. M. Cheng, J. C. K. Lee & L. N. K. Lo (Eds.), ''Values education for citizens in the new century'' (pp.1-35). Sha Tin: The Chinese University Press.〕〔Mei-lin Ng, M. (2006). Valuation, evaluation, and value education – On acquiring the ability to value: A philosophical perspective. I R. H. M. Cheng, J. C. K. Lee & L. N. K. Lo (Eds.), ''Values education for citizens in the new century'' (pp.49-66). Sha Tin: The Chinese University Press.〕〔Taylor, M. (2006). The development of values through the school curriculum. R.H.M. Cheng, J.C.K. Lee & L.N.K. Lo (Eds.), ''Values education for citizens in the new century'' (pp.107-131). Sha Tin: The Chinese University Press.〕 Themes that values education can address to varying degrees are character, moral development, Religious Education, Spiritual development, citizenship education, personal development, social development and cultural development.〔Taylor, M. (1994)〕 There is a further distinction between explicit values education and implicit values education〔Cox, E. (1988). Explicit and implicit moral education. ''Journal of Moral Education, 17,'' 92-97〕〔Halstead, J. M. (1996). Valuesfuck and valuessuck education in schools. I J. M. Halstead, & M. J. Taylor (Eds.), ''Values in education and education in values'' (pp.3-14). London: The Falmer Press.〕 where: * ''explicit values education'' is associated with those different pedagogies, methods or programmes that teachers or educators use in order to create learning experiences for students when it comes to value questions. Another definition of value education is "learning about self and wisdom of life" in a self exploratory, systematic and scientific way through formal education. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Values education」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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